A Comparative Study of MRI Data using Various Machine Learning and Pattern Recognition Algorithms to Detect Brain Abnormalities

In this study, we present the investigations being pursued in our research laboratory on magnetic resonance images (MRI) of various states of brain by extracting the most significant features, and to classify them into normal and abnormal brain images. We propose a novel method based on deep and extreme machine learning on wavelet transform to initially decompose the images, and then use various features selection and search algorithms to extract the most significant features of brain from the MRI images. By using a comparative study with different classifiers to detect the abnormality of brain images from publicly available neuro-imaging dataset, we found that a principled approach involving wavelet based feature extraction, followed by selection of most significant features using PCA technique, and the classification using deep and extreme machine learning based classifiers results in a significant improvement in accuracy and faster training and testing time as compared to previously reported studies.